Equivalence Partitioning

Equivalence partitioning is a black box testing technique that involves dividing a range of input values into groups or partitions that are expected to exhibit similar behavior in the software being tested. The technique is based on the assumption that if a software program works correctly for one input value in a given partition, it will also work correctly for all other input values in that partition.

For example, let’s say you are testing a login page for a website, and the page requires the user to enter their username and password. You could divide the input values for the username and password fields into partitions as follows:

Valid input values: This partition would include valid usernames and passwords that should be accepted by the system.

Invalid input values: This partition would include invalid usernames and passwords that should be rejected by the system, such as usernames and passwords that are too short or contain invalid characters.

Boundary input values: This partition would include input values that are at the boundaries of the valid input range, such as usernames and passwords that are exactly the minimum or maximum length allowed by the system.

By testing a representative sample of input values from each partition, you can verify that the software is behaving correctly for all possible input values within that partition. This can help you identify potential defects or issues in the software and ensure that it is functioning as intended.