Unit Testing

Unit testing is a software testing technique where individual components of a software application are tested in isolation from the rest of the application. The goal of unit testing is to validate that each unit of code is working correctly and as expected.

Unit tests are automated, meaning they can be run as many times as needed without manual intervention. They are also repeatable, meaning that they can be run again and again with the same results, providing a consistent level of quality control.

Unit testing is a critical component of the software development process and is usually performed during the development phase. It helps identify bugs and defects early in the development process, making it easier and cheaper to fix them. Additionally, unit tests serve as a living documentation of the code and can help to catch any regressions in future development.

Overall, unit testing helps ensure that the software application is functioning correctly, reduces the number of defects in the application, and provides confidence to developers and stakeholders that the application will work as expected.

Unit testing with one real-life example

A real-life example of unit testing would be testing the functionality of a login form in a web application. This can be done using a framework such as JUnit or TestNG.

The test cases would cover the following scenarios:

• Successful login with the correct username and password
• Unsuccessful login with incorrect username and password
• Unsuccessful login with correct username and incorrect password
• Unsuccessful login with blank username and password
• Unsuccessful login with an only username filled and password blank

Once these test cases are written and executed, the results would indicate whether the login form is functioning correctly or not. If any of the test cases fail, the development team can then fix the issue and rerun the tests to ensure that the form is working as expected.

This type of testing helps ensure that the individual components of the web application, in this case, the login form, are working correctly and efficiently. This helps to catch any potential problems before the application is deployed to production, resulting in a smoother user experience for the end-user.